From wikipedia:
Gregor Johann Mendel (July 20, 1822 – January 6, 1884) was an Augustinian friar and scientist, who gained posthumous fame as the founder of the new science of genetics for his study of the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants. Mendel showed that the inheritance of these traits follows particular laws, which were later named after him. The significance of Mendel's work was not recognized until the turn of the 20th century. The independent rediscovery of these laws formed the foundation of the modern science of genetics.
Read Experiments in Plant Hybridization by Gregor Mendel, free from mendelweb.org.
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