The James Logan Courier

From wikipedia:
Juliette Gordon Low (born Juliette Magill Kinzie Gordon in Savannah, Georgia, October 31, 1860 – January 17, 1927) was an American youth leader and the founder of the Girl Scouts of the USA in 1912.

Juliette Gordon Low's mother's family came from Chicago and her father was a Confederate Captain in the American Civil War and a Brigadier General in the United States army during the Spanish-American War. She was always called by her nickname "Daisy" to her friends and family. Another one of her nicknames was "Little Ship." She acquired this nickname while staying with her maternal grandparents John H. Kinzie and Juliette Augusta Magill Kinzie in Chicago at the end of the Civil War. The families of Confederate officers were required to leave Savannah after the December 1864 surrender to General William T. Sherman. Daisy went with her mother, Eleanor Kinzie Gordon, and her sisters, Alice and Nelly. Daisy loved to hear the story about her great-grandmother, who was captured by Native Americans. Even though she was a captive, she was always joyful, so the Native Americans started calling her "Little-Ship-Under-Full-Sail." She was the adopted daughter of the Seneca chief Cornplanter in the years she dwelt with the tribe. Eventually, the Seneca said they'd give Juliette's great-grandmother whatever gift she wanted, and she chose to go back home. The Seneca let her go. The shorter version of the nickname was bestowed on young Juliette. Daisy was always jumping into new games, hobbies, and ideas.

Learn more about Juliette Gordon Low, free from girlscouts.org.

From Wikipedia:
Zoë Akins (30 October 1886 – 29 October 1958) was an American playwright, poet, and author.

Born in Humansville, Missouri, Akins was educated in Illinois and later in St. Louis, where she began her writing career. While living in the city, she wrote poetry and criticism for various magazines and newspapers.

Read three of Zoë Akins' poems, free from About.com.

From Wikipedia:
Antonio Luna y Novicio (October 29, 1866 - June 5, 1899) was a Filipino pharmacist and general who fought in the Philippine-American War. He was also the founder of the Philippines's first military academy.

Antonio Luna was born in Urbiztondo, Binondo, Manila. He was the youngest of seven children of Joaquín Luna, from Badoc, Ilocos Norte, and Spanish mestiza Laureana Novicio, from Luna, La Union. His father was a traveling salesman of the products of government monopolies. His older brother, Juan, was an accomplished painter who studied in the Madrid Escuela de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. Another brother, José, became a doctor.

Learn more about Antonio Luna y Novicio, free from wikipilipinas.org.

From Wikipedia:
Eliphalet Remington (October 28, 1793 – August 12, 1861) designed the Remington rifle.

He was born in 1793 in the town of Suffield, Connecticut, to parents whose origins lay in Yorkshire, England. He was a blacksmith, and at 23, he hand-made a revolutionary sporting rifle using a firing mechanism bought from a dealer, producing the barrel himself.

Read more about Eliphalet Remington.

From Wikipedia:
Juan Nepomuceno Seguín (October 27, 1806 – August 27, 1890) was a 19th-century Texas Senator, Mayor, Judge, and Justice of the Peace and a prominent participant in the Texas Revolution.

Juan Seguín was born in San Antonio de Bexar on October 27, 1806. He was the older of two sons of Erasmo Seguín and María Josefa Becerra. As the son of a postmaster, he would assist his mother in the business, while his father was off writing the Mexican Constitution of 1824. In 1825, he married María Gertrudis Flores de Abrego. They had ten children. He was elected an alderman in December, 1828 and served on numerous electoral boards before becoming the San Antonio alcalde (mayor) in December 1833. He then served as political chief of Bexar in 1834, when the previous chief became ill. In 1835, he led a relief force to Monclova, when the Federalist Governor appealed for help.

Learn more about Juan Seguin, free from the Handbook of Texas Online.

From wikipedia:
Mahalia Jackson (October 26, 1911 – January 27, 1972) was an African-American gospel singer. Possessing a powerful contralto voice, she was referred to as "The Queen of Gospel". Jackson became one of the most influential gospel singers in the world, and was heralded internationally as a singer and civil rights activist; entertainer Harry Belafonte called her "the single most powerful black woman in the United States". She recorded about 30 albums (mostly for Columbia Records) during her career, and her 45 rpm records included a dozen "golds"—million-sellers.


Read or listen to Mahalia Jackson: Voice Of The Civil Rights Movement, by Sonari Glinton, free from NPR.org

From wikipedia:
Katharine Edgar Byron (October 25, 1903 – December 28, 1976), a Democrat, was a U.S. Congresswoman who represented the 6th congressional district of Maryland from May 27, 1941 to January 3, 1943. She was the first woman elected to Congress from Maryland.

Read more about Katharine Byron, free from the U.S. House of Representatives.

From wikipedia:
Saunders Terrell, better known as Sonny Terry (24 October 1911 - 11 March 1986) was a blind American Piedmont blues musician. He was widely known for his energetic blues harmonica style, which frequently included vocal whoops and hollers, and imitations of trains and fox hunts.

Terry was born in Greensboro, Georgia. His father, a farmer, taught him to play basic blues harp as a youth. He sustained injuries to his eyes and lost his sight by the time he was 16, which prevented him from doing farm work himself. In order to earn a living Terry was forced to play music. He began playing in Shelby, North Carolina. After his father died he began playing in the trio of Piedmont blues-style guitarist Blind Boy Fuller. When Fuller died in 1941, he established a long-standing musical relationship with Brownie McGhee, and the pair recorded numerous songs together. The duo became well-known among white audiences, as they joined the growing folk movement of the 1950s and 1960s. This included collaborations with Styve Homnick, Woody Guthrie and Moses Asch, producing Folkways Records (now Smithsonian/Folkways) classic recordings.

Learn more about Sonny Terry, free from allmusic.com.

From wikipedia:
John William Heisman (October 23, 1869 – October 3, 1936) was a prominent American football player and college football coach in the early era of the sport and is the namesake of the Heisman Trophy awarded annually to the season's best college football player.

Early life
He was born in Cleveland, Ohio, but grew up in Titusville, Pennsylvania, where he played football for Titusville High School, graduating in 1887. He went on to play football at Brown University 1887-1889 and at the University of Pennsylvania 1890-1891. He coached at Oberlin College in 1893, went to the University of Akron in 1894, and returned to Oberlin the next year. In 1895, he became the fifth coach at Auburn University, where he stayed for five years. With all these schools combined, he lost only five games.

Read John Heisman, the Coach Behind the Trophy, free from the New York Times.

John Silas "Jack" Reed (Portland, Oregon, October 22, 1887 – Moscow, October 17, 1920) was an American journalist, poet, and communist activist, best remembered for his first-hand account of the Bolshevik Revolution, Ten Days that Shook the World. He was married to writer and feminist Louise Bryant.


Read Ten Days That Shook the World by John Reed, free from Project Gutenberg.

From wikipedia:
William McKendree Carleton (21 October 1845 – 18 December 1912) was an American poet. Carleton's poems were most often about his rural life.

Born in rural Lenawee County, Hudson, Michigan, Carleton was the fifth child of John Hancock and Celeste (Smith) Carleton. In 1869, he graduated from Hillsdale College and delivered on that occasion the poem, Rifts in the Cloud.

Read William Carleton's poetry, free from allpoets.net.

From wikipedia:
Arthur Buchwald (October 20, 1925 – January 17, 2007) was an American humorist best known for his long-running column in The Washington Post, which in turn was carried as a syndicated column in many other newspapers. His column focused on political satire and commentary. He received the Pulitzer Prize for Outstanding Commentary in 1982 and in 1986 was elected to the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters.

Buchwald was also known for the Buchwald v. Paramount lawsuit, which he and partner Alain Bernheim filed against Paramount Pictures in 1988 in a controversy over the Eddie Murphy film Coming to America; Buchwald claimed Paramount had stolen his script treatment. He won, was awarded damages, and then accepted a settlement from Paramount. The case was the subject of a 1992 book, Fatal Subtraction: The Inside Story of Buchwald V. Paramount by Pierce O'Donnell and Dennis McDougal.

Read Art Buchwald's columns in the Washington Post.

From wikipedia:
Cassius Marcellus Clay (October 19, 1810 – July 22, 1903), nicknamed "The Lion of White Hall", was an emancipationist from Madison County, Kentucky, United States who served as the American minister to Russia. He was a cousin of Henry Clay and Alabama governor Clement Comer Clay.

Emancipationist
Cassius Clay was a paradox - a southern aristocrat who became a prominent anti-slavery crusader. He was a son of Green Clay, one of the wealthiest landowners and slaveholders in Kentucky. Clay worked toward emancipation, both as a Kentucky state representative and as an early member of the Republican Party.

Learn more about Cassius Marcellus Clay, free from Kentucky Educational Television.

From wikipedia:
Thomas Love Peacock (18 October 1785 – 23 January 1866) was an English satirist and author.

Peacock was a close friend of Percy Bysshe Shelley and they influenced each other's work. He wrote satirical novels, each with the same basic setting — characters at a table discussing and criticising the philosophical opinions of the day.

He worked for the British East India Company.

Read more about Thomas Love Peacock, and read his books, free from the Thomas Love Peacock Society.

From wikipedia:
Jupiter Hammon (born October 17, 1711 – died 1806?) was a Black poet and the first published Black writer in America, with a poem appearing in print in 1760. He is considered one of the founders of African American literature.

Hammon was a slave his whole life, owned by several generations of the Lloyd family on Long Island, New York. However, he was allowed to attend school, and thus (unlike many slaves) was able to read and write.

Read Jupiter Hammon's
An address to the Negroes in the state of New-York, free from the University of Virginia library.

From wikipedia:
Noah Webster (October 16, 1758 – May 28, 1843) was an American educator, lexicographer, textbook pioneer, English spelling reformer, political writer, editor, and prolific author. He has been called the "Father of American Scholarship and Education." His blue-backed speller books taught five generations of American children how to spell and read, and made their education more secular and less religious. According to Ellis (1979) he gave Americans "a secular catechism to the nation-state." His name became synonymous with "dictionary," especially the modern Merriam-Webster dictionary that was first published in 1828 as An American Dictionary of the English Language.

Learn more about Noah Webster and his writings, free from lexrex.com.

From wikipedia:
Varian Mackey Fry (October 15, 1907 – September 13, 1967) was an American journalist. Fry ran a rescue network in Vichy France that helped approximately 2,000 to 4,000 anti-Nazi and Jewish refugees to escape Nazi Germany and the Holocaust.

Varian Fry was educated at Hotchkiss and Taft School and Harvard University. He founded Hound & Horn, an influential literary quarterly, in 1927 with Lincoln Kirstein while a Harvard undergraduate. He married Kirstein's sister, Eileen.

While working as a foreign correspondent for the American journal The Living Age, Fry visited Berlin in 1935 and personally witnessed Nazi abuse against Jews on more than one occasion and wanted to help.

Read Varian Fry in Marseille by Pierre Sauvage, free from VarianFry.org.

From wikipedia:
Dorothy Kingsley (October 14, 1909 – September 26, 1997) was an American screenwriter, who worked extensively in film, radio and television.

Born in New York City, Kingsley was the daughter of newspaperman and press agent Walter J. Kingsley, and silent film actress Alma Hanlon. Following their divorce, Hanlon remarried to director Louis Myll, when they had been living at Bayside, Queens for the last two years; later moving with Dorothy to the affluent suburb of Grosse Pointe, Michigan.

Read an interview with Dorothy Kingsley, part of Backstory 2: Interviews with Screenwriters of the 1940s and 1950sby Patrick McGilligan, which is free from Google Books.

From wikipedia:
Mary Henrietta Kingsley (13 October 1862 – 3 June 1900) was an English writer and explorer who greatly influenced European ideas about Africa and African people.

Kingsley was born in Islington, London on 13 October 1862. She was the daughter and oldest child of traveller and writer George Kingsley and Mary Bailey, and was the niece of novelists Charles Kingsley and Henry Kingsley. The family moved to Highgate less than a year after her birth, the same home where her brother Charley was born in 1866. Her father was a doctor and worked for George Herbert, 13th Earl of Pembroke and other aristocrats, often away from home on his excursions. During these voyages he was able to collect information for his studies.

Read Travels in West Africa by Mary H. Kingsley, free from Project Gutenberg.

From wikipedia:
Dīng Líng was the pseudonym of Jiǎng Bīngzhī, also known as Bīn Zhǐ (October 12, 1904 - March 4, 1986), a Chinese woman author from Linli in Hunan province. She was awarded the Soviet Union's Stalin second prize for Literature in 1951.

Ding Ling was born into a gentry family in Hunan province. Her father's health was poor, and he died when Ding was three. Ding Ling's mother, who raised her children alone while becoming an educator, was Ding's role model, and she would later write an unfinished novel, titled Mother, which described her mother's experiences. Following her mother's example, Ding Ling became an activist at an early age. Ding Ling early repudiated traditional Chinese family practices by refusing to marry her cousin who had been chosen to become her husband. She rejected the commonly accepted view that parents as the source of the child's body are its owners, and she ardently asserted that she owned and controlled her own body.

Read Ding Ling's fiction: ideology and narrative in modern Chinese literature, by Yi-tsi Mei Feuerwerker, free from Google Books.

From wikipedia:
François Mauriac (11 October 1885 – 1 September 1970) was a French author; member of the Académie française (1933); laureate of the Nobel Prize in Literature (1952). He was awarded the Grand Cross of the Légion d'honneur (1958).

He was born François Charles Mauriac in Bordeaux, France. He studied literature at the University of Bordeaux, graduating in 1905, after which he moved to Paris to prepare for postgraduate study at the École des Chartes.

On 1 June 1933 he was elected a member of the Académie française, succeeding Eugène Brieux.

Read Francois Mauriac's Nobel Prize Banquet Speech, free from nobelprize.org.

From wikipedia:
Lilly Daché (10 October 1898 – 31 December 1989) was a French milliner and fashion designer.

She was born in Bègles, Gironde, France, and began her fashion career there at the age of 15 as a milliner, apprenticed under Caroline Reboux and Suzanne Talbot. Although she is said to have emigrated to the United States in 1924, the 1930 U.S. Census reports her as having entered this country in 1919; in any case, she settled in New York City. On 13 March 1931, Daché married French-born Jean Despres who was an executive at the large cosmetics and fragrance company, Coty, Inc. Their mutual love and successful supportive professional lives and collaboration endeared them to those around them.

Learn more about Lilly Daché, free from FuschiaWoman.com.

From wikipedia:
Alfred Dreyfus (9 October 1859 – 12 July 1935) was a French artillery officer of Jewish background whose trial and conviction in 1894 on charges of treason became one of the most tense political dramas in modern French and European history. Known today as the Dreyfus Affair, the incident eventually ended with Dreyfus's complete exoneration.

Born in Mulhouse (Mülhausen) in Alsace, Dreyfus was the youngest of nine children born to Raphael and Jeannette Dreyfus (née Libmann). Raphael Dreyfus was a prosperous, self-made, Jewish textile manufacturer who had started as a peddler. The family moved to Paris from Alsace after the Franco-Prussian War, when in 1871 Alsace-Lorraine was annexed by the German Empire. The Dreyfus family had long been established in the area that traditionally had been German-speaking, and Raphael spoke Yiddish and conducted business affairs in the German language. The first language of most of Alfred's elder brothers and sisters was German or one of the Alsatian dialects. Alfred and his brother were the only children to receive a fully French education.

Learn more about Alfred Dreyfus.

From wikipedia:
Harriet Taylor Mill (née Harriet Hardy) (8 October 1807 – 3 November 1858) was a philosopher and women's rights advocate. Her second husband was John Stuart Mill, one of the pre-eminent thinkers of the 19th century. Her extant corpus of writing is very small, and she is largely remembered for her influence upon John Stuart Mill.

Harriet Hardy married her first husband, John Taylor, in 1826, when she was eighteen. With him, she had three children: Herbert, Algernon, and Helen. John and Harriet Taylor both became active in the Unitarian Church and developed radical views on politics. They became friendly with William Fox, a leading Unitarian minister and early supporter of women's rights. Harriet Taylor moved in radical circles and in 1830 she met the philosopher John Stuart Mill.

Read an excerpt from Harriet Taylor Mill's "Enfranchisement of Women," first published in the Westminster Review in July 1851.

From wikipedia:
Joe Hill, born Joel Emmanuel Hägglund, and also known as Joseph Hillström (October 7, 1879 or 1882 – November 19, 1915) was a Swedish-American labor activist, songwriter, and member of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW, also known as the Wobblies). He was executed for murder after a controversial trial. After his death, he was memorialized by several folk songs.

Read more about Joe Hill, free from the AFL-CIO.

From wikipedia:
Johanna Maria Lind (6 October 1820 – 2 November 1887), better known as Jenny Lind, was a Swedish opera singer, often known as the "Swedish Nightingale". One of the most highly regarded singers of the 19th century, she is known for her performances in soprano roles in opera in Sweden and across Europe, and for an extraordinarily popular concert tour of America beginning in 1850. She was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music from 1840.

Lind became famous after her performance in Der Freischütz in Sweden in 1838. Within a few years, she had suffered vocal damage, but the singing teacher Manuel García saved her voice. She was in great demand in opera roles throughout Sweden and northern Europe during the 1840s, becoming the protégée of Felix Mendelssohn. After two acclaimed seasons in London, she announced her retirement from opera at the age of 29.

Learn more about Jenny Lind, free from the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media.

From wikipedia:
Henry Chadwick (October 5, 1824 – April 20, 1908), often called the "father of baseball," was a sportswriter, baseball statistician and historian.

Born in Exeter, England, and raised on cricket, Chadwick was one of the prime movers in the rise of baseball to its unprecedented popularity at the turn of the 20th century. Chadwick moved to Brooklyn with his family at the age of 12, and became a frequent player of early ball games such as rounders. He began covering cricket for numerous local newspapers such as the Long Island Star. It is said Chadwick first came across baseball in 1856 in New York as a young cricket reporter, while watching a match between New York's Eagle and Gotham clubs. In 1857 he focused his attention as a journalist and writer on baseball after joining the New York Clipper, and was also soon hired on to provide coverage for other New York papers including the Sunday Mercury. A keen amateur statistician and professional writer, he helped sculpt the public perception of the game, as well as providing the basis for the records of team's and player's achievements in the form of baseball statistics.

Visit the Henry Chadwick exhibit at the Baseball Hall of Fame website.

From wikipedia:
Alfred Damon Runyon (October 4, 1880 – December 10, 1946) was a newspaperman and writer.

He was best known for his short stories celebrating the world of Broadway in New York City that grew out of the Prohibition era. To New Yorkers of his generation, a "Damon Runyon character" evoked a distinctive social type from the Brooklyn or Midtown demi-monde.

Read more about Damon Runyon, free from Talkin' Broadway.

From wikipedia:
Alexander Young Jackson, CC, CMG (October 3, 1882 – April 5, 1974) was a Canadian painter and a founding member of the Group of Seven.

As a young boy, Jackson worked as an office boy for a lithograph company, after his father abandoned his family of six children. It was at this company that Jackson began his art training. In the evenings, he took classes at Montreal's Monument-National.

In 1905, Jackson worked his way to Europe on a cattle boat, returning by the same means and travelling on to Chicago. In Chicago, he joined a commercial art firm and took courses at the Art Institute of Chicago. He saved his earnings and, by 1907, was able to visit France to study Impressionism. In France, Jackson decided to become a professional painter, studying at Paris' Académie Julian under J.P. Laurens.

See examples of A.Y. Jackson's art, free from the Bert Christensen's Cyberspace Gallery.

From wikipedia:
Martha Brookes Hutcheson (October 2, 1871 – 1959) was an American landscape architect, lecturer, and author, active in New England, New York, and New Jersey.

Hutcheson was born in New York City as Martha Brookes Brown, and as a child spent her summers on a family farm near Burlington, Vermont.

From 1893-1895 she studied at the New York School of Applied Design for Women, and in the late 1890s toured Europe where she studied gardens in England, France, and Italy. As Hutcheson later wrote in The Spirit of the Garden:
"About 1898, one day I saw the grounds of Bellevue Hospital in New York, on which nothing was planted, and was overcome with the terrible waste of opportunity for beauty which was not being given to the hundreds of patients who could see it or go to it, in convalescence. In trying to find out how I could get in touch with such authorities as those who might allow me to plant the area of ground, I stumbled upon the fact that my aim would be politically impossible, but that there was a course in Landscape Architecture being formed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the first course which America had ever held."

Learn more about Martha Brookes Hutcheson, free from the Historical Marker Database.

From wikipedia:

Josiah Edward Spurr (1870-1950) was an American geologist, explorer, and author.

He led the first United States Geological Survey expedition to map and chart the interior regions of Alaska, starting with the Yukon Territory in 1896 and continuing with the Kuskokwim River region in 1898. His books were seen as the definitive work on Alaskan minerals during the Alaska Gold Rush. They read like an adventure including the expedition's experiences with ice dams bearing down on them and lost provisions, as well as interactions with native Indians and missionaries. His last book, "Geology as applied to Selenology", published just a year before his death, has been criticised, but was influential in the new field.

Read more about Josiah Spurr, free from the New York Times.